Ukuthintela intsholongwane ye-covid-19 okwangoku, ikwalixesha eliphezulu lezifo zokuphefumla ezinjengomkhuhlane.UZhong Nanshan, olilungu leZiko lobuNjineli laseTshayina, kutshanje uthe unobangela womkhuhlane wamva nje ayikosulelo lwe-covid-19, kodwa nomkhuhlane, kwaye abantu abambalwa banokosulelwa kabini.
Ngaphambili, iZiko laseTshayina loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC)wayekhuphe isilumkiso kwangethuba: ekwindla nasebusika okanye ebusika nasentlakohlaza, kunokubakho umngcipheko wobhubhane womkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane.i-covid 19usulelo.
2022-2023 Ixesha loMkhuhlane
Inokubangela umngcipheko wokuqhambuka komkhuhlane
Umkhuhlane sisifo esosulelayo esinamandla sokuphefumla esibangelwa yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane kwaye yenye yeengxaki ezinkulu zempilo yoluntu abantu abajongene nazo.
Ngenxa yokuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane ziguquguquka ngokwe-antigenically kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, zinokubangela ubhubhani wamaxesha athile ngonyaka.Ngokoqikelelo lweWorld Health Organization (WHO), ubhubhane wonyaka womkhuhlane unokubangela ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwama-600,000 ehlabathini lonke, nto leyo elingana nokufa umntu omnye ngenxa yomkhuhlane rhoqo kwimizuzwana engama-48.Kwaye ubhubhani wehlabathi unokude ubulale izigidi.Umkhuhlane unokuchaphazela i-5% -10% yabantu abadala kwaye malunga ne-20% yabantwana kwihlabathi jikelele ngonyaka.Oku kuthetha ukuba kwixesha lomkhuhlane ophezulu, i-1 kwi-10 yabantu abadala inesifo somkhuhlane;Umntwana om-1 kwaba-5 wosulelwe ngumkhuhlane.
I-covid 19sukusuleleka ngaphezulu kungenzekaeukudibanisa njengenew norm
Emva kweminyaka emithathu, i-coronavirus entsha yaqhubeka iguquka.Ngokuvela kokwahluka kwe-Omicron, ixesha lokufukanyelwa kosulelo olutsha lwe-coronavirus lacuthwa kakhulu, usulelo phakathi kwezizukulwana lwaye lwakhawuleza, usasazo lwemimoya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kosulelo kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu, kudityaniswa nokwasulelwa kwakhona okubangelwa kukuphuncuka kwamajoni omzimba, okwenza ukuba ukwahluka kwe-Omicron kube neenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zosulelo. xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinguqulelo.Kulo mxholo, uhambelana neziganeko eziphezulu zomkhuhlane phakathi ebusika, kwaye ngelixa kufuneka sijongane neengozi zesifo kunye nesimo sobhubhane somkhuhlane kwixesha langoku, kufuneka siqwalasele ukuba ngoku sijongene nomngcipheko wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane entsha. i-coronavirus kunye nomkhuhlane.
1.uluhlu olubanzi lwehlabathi lwe "Covid-19 + umkhuhlane" ubhubhane oluphindwe kabini luyabonakala
Ukusuka kwidatha yovavanyo ye-WHO, kunokubonwa ukuba ukusukela nge-13 kaNovemba ka-2022, ubhubhani wentsholongwane yomkhuhlane unyuke kakhulu kobu busika, kunye nemeko yobhubhane we-covid-19.umkhuhlane ucace gca.
Kuya kufuneka siqonde ukuba, okwahluke kakhulu kwiimpawu "kubunzima ukufumanisa ukuba kukho indawo ephezulu yeentsholongwane ezimbini ze-covid-19 kunye nomkhuhlane kwinqanaba lokuqala le-covid-19, kwaye ayibandakanywanga ukuba i-covid-19izigulane ezine-positive zinomkhuhlane”, ngoku kukho imeko “yobhubhane oluphindwe kabini”i-covid 19kunye nomkhuhlane kwizinga elikhulu kwihlabathi jikelele.Ngokukodwa ukususela ekungeneni kobu busika, iikliniki zomkhuhlane kwiindawo ezininzi e-China ziye zagcwala, zibonisa ukuba imeko yangoku yosulelo lwentsholongwane yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ngelixa inani lezigulana "ezifana neempawu zomkhuhlane" zihlala ziphakamileyo, ikwanxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-coefficient yosulelo lwee-Omicron ezahlukeneyo.Unobangela wefiva kubantu abosulelekileyo awusekho nje a i-covid 19 usulelo, izigulane ezininzi zosulelwe ngumkhuhlane, kwaye abambalwa banokuba nosulelo oluphindwe kabini.
2. Usulelo lwentsholongwane yoMkhuhlane lukhuthaza kakhulu uhlaselo lwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19 kunye nokuphindaphinda
Ngokophononongo oluvela kwiLabhoratri yeState Key yeVirology, iSikolo seSayensi zoBomi, iYunivesithi yaseWuhan, usulelo lwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19 kunye nosulelo ngaxeshanye lwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane A kwandisa ukosuleleka kwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19.Uphononongo lugqibe kwelokuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane A zinamandla awodwa okwenza mandundu usulelo lwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19;ukosuleleka kwangaphambili ngeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane kukhuthaza kakhulu uhlaselo lwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19 kunye nokuphindaphinda, kwaye ikwaguqula iiseli ebezingenakusulelwa yintsholongwane ye-Covid-19 ukuba zibe ziiseli ezichaphazeleka ngokupheleleyo;Usulelo lomkhuhlane lulodwa lubangela ukunyuswa (ukuphindaphinda oku-2-3) kwamanqanaba okuthetha kwe-ACE2, kodwa ukosuleleka ngokubambisana komkhuhlane kunye nosulelo loMkhuhlane lulodwa lubangele ukunyuswa kwamanqanaba okuthetha kwe-ACE2 (2-3-fold), kodwa ukosuleleka ngokubambisana ne-Covid-19 kulawule ngamandla i-ACE2. Amanqanaba okuthetha (malunga nama-20 ngokuphindwe), ngelixa ezinye iintsholongwane zokuphefumla eziqhelekileyo ezifana nentsholongwane ye-parainfluenza, intsholongwane yokuphefumla ye-syncytial virus, kunye ne-rhinovirus azizange zibenakho ukukhuthaza usulelo lwentsholongwane ye-Covid-19.Ke ngoko, olu phononongo lugqibe kwelokuba usulelo ngeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane kukhuthaza kakhulu uhlaselo kunye nokuphindaphindwa kweentsholongwane ze-Covid-19.
I-3. I-Covid-19 yosulelo kunye nomkhuhlane ibukhali kakhulu kwizigulana ezisesibhedlele kunosulelo olunye
Kuphononongo lwe Impembelelo yeklinikhi kunye neVirological yoSulelo oluNye kunye noluBini oluBini olunoMkhuhlane A (H1N1) kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2 kwizigulana ezilaliswe esibhedlele., Izigulana ezingama-505 ezafunyaniswa zinenoveli yekoronavirus okanye umkhuhlane A kwiSibhedlele seSibhozo seGuangzhou (eGuangzhou, eGuangdong) zibandakanyiwe.Uphononongo lubonise ukuba: 1. ukuxhaphaka komkhuhlane A ukosuleleka ngokubambisana kwizigulana ezisesibhedlele ezine-covid-19.ibiyi-12.6%;2. Usulelo oludibeneyo luchaphazela kakhulu iqela labantu abadala kwaye lidibene neziphumo ezibi zeklinikhi;3. Ukosuleleka ngokubambisana kube nethuba elongeziweyo lokwenzakala okubukhali kwezintso, ukusilela kwentliziyo okubukhali, usulelo lwesibini lwebhaktiriya, ukungena kwe-multilobar, kunye nokwamkelwa e-ICU xa kuthelekiswa nezigulana ezinomkhuhlane A wodwa kunye ne-coronavirus entsha.Kwaqinisekiswa ukuba isifo esibangelwa kukosuleleka kunye ne-coronavirus entsha kunye nentsholongwane yomkhuhlane A kwizigulana zabantu abadala abalaliswe esibhedlele sasibi kakhulu kuneso sibangelwa kukosuleleka nokuba yintsholongwane yodwa (le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa umngcipheko weziganeko ezimbi zekliniki kwizigulana ezosulelwe ngumkhuhlane. I-H1N1, i-SARS-CoV-2, kunye neentsholongwane zombini).
▲ Umngcipheko weziganeko ezimbi zeklinikhi kwizigulane ezinomkhuhlane A H1N1, SARS-CoV-2 kunye nosulelo oludibeneyo kunye nezi ntsholongwane zimbini
Utshintsho lwezimvo zonyango:
Unyango losulelo olunye lwe-Covid-19 lutshintshela kunyango olubanzi kunye noluneempawu njengondoqo
Ngokukhululeka ngakumbi kulawulo lobhubhane, ukosuleleka ngokubambisana kwe-Covid-19 kunye nomkhuhlane kuye kwaba yingxaki enzima ngakumbi.
NgokukaNjingalwazi uLiu Huiguo weSebe lezoNyango lokuphefumla kunye nokuKhathalela okuBalulekileyo, iSibhedlele saseTongji, iYunivesithi yaseHuazhong yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji, intsholongwane ye-Covid-19 kunye nentsholongwane yomkhuhlane inokosulelwa kunye, kwaye kwinqanaba langoku, ubukho babo kunye malunga ne-1-10%.Nangona kunjalo, asinakukhanyela ukuba njengoko ngakumbi nangakumbi abaguli bosulelwa yi-Covid-19 Omicron variant strain, isithintelo somzimba somntu siya kuba phezulu kwaye siphezulu, ngoko ke ipesenti yosulelo lomkhuhlane iya konyuka kancinci kwixesha elizayo, kwaye isiqhelo esitsha kwandule ukubunjwa.Nangona kunjalo, le ayiyiyo imiba ekufuneka igxininiswe kuyo okwangoku, kodwa endaweni yokuba usulelo lwe-Covid-19 luya kwandisa na ithuba lokusuleleka ngumkhuhlane, kwaye ke ngoko ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango kufuneka luphathwe ngokufanelekileyo kumxholo wokuziqhelanisa nonyango. .
Ngawaphi amaqela abantu ekufuneka elumke kakhulu kusulelo oluphezulu lwe-Covid-19 kunye nomkhuhlane?Umzekelo, abantu abanezifo eziphantsi, abantu abadala kunye nabantu ababuthathaka, nokuba bosulelwe yi-Covid-19 okanye umkhuhlane wedwa okanye udityaniswe neentsholongwane ezimbini, banokubeka ubomi esichengeni, kwaye aba bantu basafuna ingqalelo yethu esondeleyo.
Ngotyando lwakutsha nje lwabaguli abane-Covid-19, singenza njani umsebenzi olungileyo "wokukhuthaza uthintelo, ukuxilongwa, ukulawula kunye nonyango lwezempilo" kumxholo we-Covid-19, ngoku elawulwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Omicron?Okokuqala, uxilongo kunye nonyango kufuneka lutshintshe ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kunyango olulodwa lwe-Covid-19 ukuya kunyango olubanzi kunye nonyango oluneempawu.Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango lokunciphisa iingxaki, izinga lokulaliswa esibhedlele elisezantsi kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokugula zizitshixo zokuphucula izinga lokunyanga unyango kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokufa.Xa usulelo lomkhuhlane lusenza into entsha eqhelekileyo, ukuqwalaselwa kweemeko ezifana nomkhuhlane ngundoqo wokuphumeza ukuxilongwa kwangoko.
Okwangoku, malunga nothintelo, kucetyiswa ukuba sinyanzelise ukunxiba iimaski ukuthintela ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwentsholongwane, okokuqala, kuba abaguli abosulelwe yi-Covid-19 kwinqanaba lokuqala kwaye ngoku bajike bengenayo intsholongwane abanakungabakhupheli ngaphandle. ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusuleleka ngokuphindaphindiweyo;okwesibini, kuba ukongeza kusulelo lwe-Covid-19, banokosulelwa kunye nezinye iintsholongwane (ezifana nomkhuhlane) kwaye banokuthwala intsholongwane emizimbeni yabo nasemva kokuba bejikile bengenayo kwaye bechacha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-16-2023