Uvavanyo oluKhawulezayo lwe-TOXO IgG/IgM

Indlela yokuhlola
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuxilonga i-toxoplasmosis: ukuxilongwa kwe-pathogenic, ukuxilongwa kwe-immunological kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-molecular.Uvavanyo lwe-Pathogenic ikakhulu lubandakanya ukuxilongwa kwe-histological, ukugonywa kwezilwanyana kunye nokuhlukaniswa, kunye nenkcubeko yeeseli.Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuxilonga ze-serological ziquka uvavanyo lwedayi, uvavanyo lwe-hemagglutination olungathanga ngqo, uvavanyo lwe-antibody olungathanga ngqo lwe-immunofluorescence kunye ne-enzyme edityaniswe ne-immunosorbent assay.Ukuxilongwa kweemolekyuli kubandakanya iteknoloji ye-PCR kunye neteknoloji ye-nucleic acid hybridization.
Ukuhlolwa komzimba okhulelweyo koomama abakhulelweyo kubandakanya uviwo olubizwa ngokuba yiTORCH.I-TORCH yindibaniselwano yeleta yokuqala yegama lesiNgesi leentsholongwane ezininzi.Unobumba u-T umele iToxoplasma gondii.(Abanye oonobumba bamele igcushuwa, intsholongwane yerubella, icytomegalovirus kunye nentsholongwane yeherpes simplex ngokulandelelanayo.)
Jonga umgaqo
Uvavanyo lwePathogen
1. Uvavanyo oluthe ngqo lwe-microscopic lwegazi lesigulana, umongo wethambo okanye ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, i-pleural kunye ne-ascites, isikhohlela, i-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, i-aqueous humor, i-amniotic fluid, njl. njl. kwi-smears, okanye i-lymph nodes, izihlunu, isibindi, i-placenta kunye nezinye iithishu eziphilayo. amacandelo, ngokuba Reich okanye Ji staining uviwo microscopic angafumana trophozoites okanye cysts, kodwa izinga elungileyo ayikho phezulu.Ingasetyenziselwa i-immunofluorescence ngokuthe ngqo ukubona i-Toxoplasma gondii kwizicubu.
2. Isitofu sezilwanyana okanye inkcubeko yezicubu Thatha ulwelo lomzimba okanye ukunqunyanyiswa kwezicubu ukuba uvavanywe kwaye ugalele kumgodi wesisu seempuku.Usulelo lungenzeka kwaye ii-pathogens zinokufunyanwa.Xa isizukulwana sokuqala se-inoculation singalunganga, kufuneka sidluliselwe ngokungaboniyo kathathu.Okanye ngenxa yenkcubeko yezicubu (inkawu okanye iiseli zezintso zehagu) ukuba zihlukanise kwaye zichonge i-Toxoplasma gondii.
3. Iteknoloji ye-DNA hybridization Abaphengululi basekhaya basebenzise i-32P ebhalwe i-probes equlethe ulandelelwano oluthile lwe-DNA ye-Toxoplasma gondii okokuqala ngqa ukwenza i-molecular hybridization kunye neeseli okanye izicubu ze-DNA kwigazi le-peripheral yezigulane, kwaye yabonisa ukuba iibhendi ezithile zokuxutywa okanye amabala ayesabela kakuhle.Zombini iinkcukacha ezithile kunye novakalelo beziphezulu.Ukongeza, i-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) iye yasekwa e-China ukuxilonga isifo, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa ne-probe hybridization, ugonyo lwezilwanyana kunye neendlela zovavanyo lwe-immunological, ibonisa ukuba icacile kakhulu, i-emvarth kwaye iyakhawuleza.
Uvavanyo lwe-Immunological
1. Ii-Antigens ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-antibody ikakhulu ziquka i-tachyzoite i-antigen e-soluble (i-cytoplasmic antigen) kunye ne-membrane antigen.I-antibody yangaphambili yavela ngaphambili (ifunyenwe ngovavanyo lwe-staining kunye novavanyo olungathanga ngqo lwe-immunofluorescence), ngelixa le yokugqibela yavela kamva (ifunyenwe ngovavanyo lwe-hemagglutination olungathanga ngqo, njl.).Ngexesha elifanayo, iindlela ezininzi zokufumanisa zingadlala indima ehambelanayo kunye nokuphucula izinga lokubona.Ngenxa yokuba i-Toxoplasma gondii inokubakho kwiiseli zomntu ixesha elide, kunzima ukwahlula usulelo lwangoku okanye usulelo oludlulileyo ngokubona amajoni omzimba.Inokugwetywa ngokwe-antibody titer kunye neenguqu zayo eziguqukayo.
2. I-antigen yokufumanisa isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-pathogens (i-tachyzoites okanye i-cysts) kwiiseli ze-host, i-metabolites okanye iimveliso ze-lysis (ii-antigens ezijikelezayo) kwi-serum kunye namanzi omzimba ngeendlela ze-immunological.Yindlela ethembekileyo yokuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuxilongwa okuqinisekileyo.Abaphengululi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe baye baseka iMcAb ELISA kunye nesandwich ELISA phakathi kweMcAb kunye ne-multiantibody ukubona i-antigen ejikelezayo kwi-serum yezigulane ezibukhali, kunye novakalelo lwe-0.4 μ G / ml ye-antigen.